Prevalence of avian influenza in humans and different bird species in Indonesia: A review

Avian influenza, commonly called bird flu, is highly contagious and pandemic zoonosis of global importance, primarily affecting birds other mammals, including humans. The present review intended to highlight a report on the prevalence avian influenza in humans different species Indonesia.The study based 27 scientific articles from 2004 May 2021 which determined mainly by following molecular, virological, serological tests: polymerase chain reaction (PCR), hemagglutination inhibition (HI), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ®Rapid antigen detection test. A vast divergence was observed due diversity sensitivity specificity tests applied. varies spatial temporal factors, species, breed differences. An average maximum (25%)) found poultry (domestic commercial birds) as compared ducks (20.13%) (10.66%). documented (16.3%) Birds sold live markets showed geographical distribution. already published studies dissection illustrates that infects all types Indonesia. proper surveillance system, effective vaccination plan, segregation culling strategy regarding influenza-infected are desperately needed eradicate